1982 – B.A. in Chemistry from Carleton College in Northfield, MN

1987 – Ph.D. in Cell Biology from the Dept. of Anatomy and Cell Biology at the Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta, GA

1987-1989 – NIH Post-Doctoral Fellow in the Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology at The Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, CA

1989-1991– Post-Doctoral Fellow in the Dept. of Molecular Neuroendocrinology at the Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine in Göttingen, Germany